S. epidermidis : Coagulase(-), Novobiocin sensitive. Infects prosthetic devices and catheters.
S. pyogenes (Group A): Beta-hemolytic, Bacitracin sensitive. Causes strep throat, erysipelas, scarlet fever, and rheumatic fever. medical microbiology lecture notes ppt updated
SLIDE 1: Introduction & Pathogen Classification (Bacteria, Viruses, Fungi, Parasites) SLIDE 2: Structural Differences: Gram-Positive vs. Gram-Negative Cell Walls SLIDE 3: Bacterial Growth Kinetics: The 4 Phases and Antibiotic Targeting SLIDE 4: Horizontal Gene Transfer (Conjugation, Transformation, Transduction) SLIDE 5: Antibiotic Targets and Common Resistance Mechanisms SLIDE 6: Innate vs. Adaptive Immunity in Host Defense SLIDE 7: High-Yield Gram-Positive Pathogens (Staph, Strep) SLIDE 8: High-Yield Gram-Negative Pathogens (E. coli, Pseudomonas) SLIDE 9: Major Viral Families and Clinical Presentations SLIDE 10: Diagnostic Mycology & Antifungal Therapies Mechanisms of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT)
Targets CD4+ T cells. Replicates via reverse transcriptase. Leads to opportunistic infections when CD4 counts fall below 200 cells/µL. 2. Key Fungal Pathogens Causes skin infections
S. aureus : Catalase(+), Coagulase(+). Causes skin infections, pneumonia, endocarditis, and toxic shock syndrome.
The clinical utility of antibiotics is constantly challenged by bacterial evolution and the rapid spread of resistance genes. 1. Mechanisms of Horizontal Gene Transfer (HGT)